---
title: 1 Kings 16:2 (JPS 1917) — 'Forasmuch as I exalted thee out of the dust, and made thee prince o… · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Forasmuch as I exalted thee out of the dust, and made thee prince over My people Israel; and thou hast walked in the way of Jeroboam, and hast made My people Israel to sin, to provoke Me with their sins; Who acts: I, thou, people. 1 Kings 16:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# 1 Kings 16:2 · JPS 1917

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'Forasmuch as I exalted thee out of the dust, and made thee prince over My people Israel; and thou hast walked in the way of Jeroboam, and hast made My people Israel to sin, to provoke Me with their sins;

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**Who acts:** I, thou, people · **What happens:** exalt, make, walk, sin, provoke · **To what, where:** thee, dust, way, people, Me

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This is 1 Kings 16:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:592
# text = 'Forasmuch as I exalted thee out of the dust, and made thee prince over My people Israel; and thou hast walked in the way of Jeroboam, and hast made My people Israel to sin, to provoke Me with their sins;
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
2	Forasmuch	forasmuch	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	2	fixed	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	obj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obj	_	_
15	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
19	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
23	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	walked	walk	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Jeroboam	Jeroboam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	conj	_	_
34	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
36	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	41	mark	_	_
41	provoke	provoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	advcl	_	_
42	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	_
43	with	with	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	sins	sin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obl	_	_
46	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exalt** | past | I | thee |  | the dust |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thou=Stimulus |
| 2 | **make** | past | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  | over My people | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thou=Product |
| 3 | **walk** | present · perfect | thou |  |  | the way of Jeroboam |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Trajectory |
| 4 | **make** | present · perfect | thou *not said here* | My people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **sin** | to-infinitive | My people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **provoke** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | Me |  |  |  | with people's sins | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יַ֗עַן אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֲרִימֹתִ֙יךָ֙ מִן־הֶ֣עָפָ֔ר וָאֶתֶּנְךָ֣ נָגִ֔יד עַ֖ל עַמִּ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ יָרָבְעָ֗ם וַֽתַּחֲטִא֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְהַכְעִיסֵ֖נִי בְּחַטֹּאתָֽם׃

[1 Kings 16:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:592` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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