---
title: 1 Kings 16:11 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on hi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, that he smote all the house of Baasa; he left him not a single man-child, neither of his kinsfolks, nor of his friends. Who acts: Zimri. 1 Kings 16:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# 1 Kings 16:11 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, that he smote all the house of Baasa; he left him not a single man-child, neither of his kinsfolks, nor of his friends.

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**Who acts:** Zimri · **What happens:** come, pass, begin, reign, sit, smite · **To what, where:** stead, throne, house, single man child, Baasa

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This is 1 Kings 16:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zimri), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:601
# text = And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, that he smote all the house of Baasa; he left him not a single man-child, neither of his kinsfolks, nor of his friends.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	reign	reign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	as	as	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	throne	throne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	csubj	_	_
25	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	27	det:predet	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Baasa	Baasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
33	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	iobj	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
36	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
37	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	39	punct	_	_
39	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
41	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	44	cc:preconj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	kinsfolks	kinsfolk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
46	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	49	cc	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | stead |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **begin** | past | Zimri |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **reign** | to-infinitive | Zimri *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **sit** | past | Zimri |  |  | Zimri's throne |  | soon *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on throne=Location |
| 6 | **smite** | past | Zimri | all house of Baasa |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus house=Experiencer |
| 7 | **not** **leave** | past | Zimri | a single man child of Zimri's kinsfolks nor Zimri's friends | Baasa |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent he=Theme child=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֨י בְמָלְכ֜וֹ כְּשִׁבְתּ֣וֹ עַל־כִּסְא֗וֹ הִכָּה֙ אֶת־כָּל־בֵּ֣ית בַּעְשָׁ֔א לֹֽא־הִשְׁאִ֥יר ל֖וֹ מַשְׁתִּ֣ין בְּקִ֑יר וְגֹאֲלָ֖יו וְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃

[1 Kings 16:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:601` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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