---
title: 1 Kings 16:29 (JPS 1917) — And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel; and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years. Who acts: Ahab. 1 Kings 16:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 16:29 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel; and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.

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**Who acts:** Ahab · **What happens:** begin, reign · **To what, where:** Israel

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This is 1 Kings 16:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:620
# text = And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel; and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	thirty	thirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	eighth	eighth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Asa	Asa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
10	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Omri	Omri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	reign	reign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
21	over	over	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
25	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Omri	Omri	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	reigned	reign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
31	over	over	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Samaria	Samaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	conj	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	38	nummod	_	_
38	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl:unmarked	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Ahab |  |  |  | year |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **reign** | to-infinitive | Ahab *not said here* |  |  | Israel |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **reign** | past | Ahab |  |  | Israel | year | in Samaria | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאַחְאָ֣ב בֶּן־עָמְרִ֗י מָלַךְ֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בִּשְׁנַ֨ת שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וּשְׁמֹנֶה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לְאָסָ֖א מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה וַ֠יִּמְלֹךְ אַחְאָ֨ב בֶּן־עָמְרִ֤י עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּשְׁתַּ֖יִם שָׁנָֽה׃

[1 Kings 16:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:620` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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