--- title: 1 Kings 17:1 (JPS 1917) — And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unt… · tree and pragmatics description: And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unto Ahab: 'As the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.' Who acts: Tishbite, Elijah, dew, I. 1 Kings 17:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.626/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/17/) / [17:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.1/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 17:1 · JPS 1917 And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unto Ahab: 'As the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.' **Who acts:** Tishbite, Elijah, dew, I, my · **What happens:** be, say, live, stand, not be, accord · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 17:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tishbite, Elijah, dew, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:626 # text = And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unto Ahab: 'As the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 2 Elijah Elijah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Tishbite Tishbite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 settlers settler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 acl:relcl _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Gilead Gilead PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 14 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 unto unto ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Ahab Ahab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 19 As as ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 appos _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 advcl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 before before ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 33 obl _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 stand stand VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 38 expl _ _ 36 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 be be VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 ccomp _ _ 39 dew dew NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 40 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 41 cc _ _ 41 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 conj _ _ 42 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 43 det _ _ 43 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl:unmarked _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 but but CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 46 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 49 case _ _ 47 to to ADP IN _ 46 fixed _ _ 48 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 49 nmod:poss _ _ 49 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ 51 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the Tishbite | | | | | of the settlers; of Gilead | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elijah | | | | | unto Ahab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **live** | present | dew nor rain *not said here* | | | | | as the LORD | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **stand** | present | I | | | | before the LORD | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before whom=Location | | 5 | **not** **be** | shall | dew nor rain | | | there | year | accord my word | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **word** | | my | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּ֜י מִתֹּשָׁבֵ֣י גִלְעָד֮ אֶל־אַחְאָב֒ חַי־יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָמַ֣דְתִּי לְפָנָ֔יו אִם־יִהְיֶ֛ה הַשָּׁנִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה טַ֣ל וּמָטָ֑ר כִּ֖י אִם־לְפִ֥י דְבָרִֽי׃ס [1 Kings 17:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:626` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 16:34 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.625/) - next →: [1 Kings 17:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.627/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 17:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.1/)