--- title: 1 Kings 17:12 (JPS 1917) — And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a… · tree and pragmatics description: And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.' Who acts: Zarephath, LORD, I, we. 1 Kings 17:12 in JP --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.637/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/17/) / [17:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.12/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 17:12 · JPS 1917 And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.' **Who acts:** Zarephath, LORD, I, we · **What happens:** say, live, not have, gather, go in, dress · **To what, where:** cake, two sticks, handful · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 17:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zarephath, LORD, I, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:637 # text = And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 6 As as SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 9 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 appos _ _ 11 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 cake cake NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 only only ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 handful handful NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 meal meal NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 jar jar NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 cruse cruse NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 42 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 38 behold behold INTJ UH _ 42 discourse _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 40 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 41 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 gathering gather VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 43 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 44 nummod _ _ 44 sticks stick NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obj _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 46 that that SCONJ IN _ 49 mark _ _ 47 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 48 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 49 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 42 advcl _ _ 50 in in ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 52 dress dress VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 conj _ _ 53 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obj _ _ 54 for for ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 52 obl _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 57 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 58 nmod:poss _ _ 58 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 conj _ _ 59 , , PUNCT , _ 63 punct _ _ 60 that that SCONJ IN _ 63 mark _ _ 61 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 63 nsubj _ _ 62 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 63 aux _ _ 63 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 advcl _ _ 64 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 63 obj _ _ 65 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 66 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 67 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 63 conj _ _ 68 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 69 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Zarephath | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **live** | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **not** **have** | present | I | a cake and a little oil in the cruse | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **gather** | present · progressive | I | two sticks | | | | | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Theme | | 5 | **go in** | may | I | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **dress** | infinitive | I *not said here* | handful | | | | for me | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 7 | **eat** | may | we | handful | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 8 | **die** | infinitive | we *not said here* | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתֹּ֗אמֶר חַי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אִם־יֶשׁ־לִ֣י מָע֔וֹג כִּ֣י אִם־מְלֹ֤א כַף־קֶ֙מַח֙ בַּכַּ֔ד וּמְעַט־שֶׁ֖מֶן בַּצַּפָּ֑חַת וְהִנְנִ֨י מְקֹשֶׁ֜שֶׁת שְׁנַ֣יִם עֵצִ֗ים וּבָ֙אתִי֙ וַעֲשִׂיתִ֙יהוּ֙ לִ֣י וְלִבְנִ֔י וַאֲכַלְנֻ֖הוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃ [1 Kings 17:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:637` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 17:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.636/) - next →: [1 Kings 17:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.638/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 17:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.12/)