---
title: 1 Kings 17:16 (JPS 1917) — The jar of meal was not spent, neither did the cruse of oil fail, ac… · tree and pragmatics
description: The jar of meal was not spent, neither did the cruse of oil fail, according to the word of the LORD, which He spoke by Elijah. Who acts: cruse, LORD. 1 Kings 17:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 17:16 · JPS 1917

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The jar of meal was not spent, neither did the cruse of oil fail, according to the word of the LORD, which He spoke by Elijah.

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**Who acts:** cruse, LORD · **What happens:** not spend, fail, speak, word · **To what, where:** jar, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 17:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cruse, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:641
# text = The jar of meal was not spent, neither did the cruse of oil fail, according to the word of the LORD, which He spoke by Elijah.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	spent	spend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	15	cc	_	_
10	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cruse	cruse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	according	accord	ADP	VBG	_	20	case	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	obj	_	_
26	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **spend** | past · passive |  | the jar of meal |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 2 | **fail** | past · do-support | the cruse of oil |  |  |  |  | accord the word of the LORD | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | LORD | the LORD |  |  |  | by Elijah | tree rules |
| 4 | **word** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כַּ֤ד הַקֶּ֙מַח֙ לֹ֣א כָלָ֔תָה וְצַפַּ֥חַת הַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לֹ֣א חָסֵ֑ר כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר בְּיַ֥ד אֵלִיָּֽהוּ׃פ

[1 Kings 17:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:641` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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