--- title: 1 Kings 17:20 (JPS 1917) — And he cried unto the LORD, and said: 'O LORD my God, hast Thou also… · tree and pragmatics description: And he cried unto the LORD, and said: 'O LORD my God, hast Thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her son?' Who acts: son, Thou, I. 1 Kings 17:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.645/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/17/) / [17:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.20/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 17:20 · JPS 1917 And he cried unto the LORD, and said: 'O LORD my God, hast Thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her son?' **Who acts:** son, Thou, I · **What happens:** cry, say, bring, sojourn, slay · **To what, where:** evil, son · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 17:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, Thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:645 # text = And he cried unto the LORD, and said: 'O LORD my God, hast Thou also brought evil upon the widow with whom I sojourn, by slaying her son?' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 11 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 12 O o INTJ UH _ 13 discourse _ _ 13 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 vocative _ _ 14 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 appos _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 17 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 18 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 20 nsubj _ _ 19 also also ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 ccomp _ _ 21 evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 upon upon ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 widow widow NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 with with ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 28 obl _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 sojourn sojourn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 by by SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 31 slaying slay VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 advcl _ _ 32 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 ? ? PUNCT . _ 20 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed form=q, act=ask | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | son | | | | | unto the LORD | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | son *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **bring** | present · perfect | Thou | evil | | | | upon the widow; LORD *vocative* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent evil=Theme | | 4 | **sojourn** | present | I | | | | | with the widow | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **slay** | gerund | Thou *not said here* | breath's son | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔י הֲ֠גַם עַל־הָאַלְמָנָ֞ה אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֨י מִתְגּוֹרֵ֥ר עִמָּ֛הּ הֲרֵע֖וֹתָ לְהָמִ֥ית אֶת־בְּנָֽהּ׃ [1 Kings 17:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:645` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 17:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.644/) - next →: [1 Kings 17:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.646/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 17:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.20/)