---
title: 1 Kings 18:1 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass after many days, that the word of the LORD came… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass after many days, that the word of the LORD came to Elijah, in the third year, saying: 'Go, show thyself unto Ahab, and I will send rain upon the land.' Who acts: it, word, I. 1 Kings 18:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 18:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass after many days, that the word of the LORD came to Elijah, in the third year, saying: 'Go, show thyself unto Ahab, and I will send rain upon the land.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, word, I · **What happens:** come, pass, say, go, show, send · **To what, where:** Elijah, thyself, rain, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 18:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, word, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:650
# text = And it came to pass after many days, that the word of the LORD came to Elijah, in the third year, saying: 'Go, show thyself unto Ahab, and I will send rain upon the land.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	23	amod	_	_
23	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	_
28	Go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	ccomp	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
31	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	30	obj	_	_
32	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
39	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
40	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
44	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator, form=decl, act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | day |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | the word of the LORD |  |  | Elijah | year |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to elijah=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the word of the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **show** | infinitive |  | thyself |  |  |  | unto Ahab | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thyself=Recipient |
| 7 | **send** | future | I | rain |  |  |  | upon the land | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme |
| 8 | **word** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִי֙ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה הָיָה֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֖ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לֵ֚ךְ הֵרָאֵ֣ה אֶל־אַחְאָ֔ב וְאֶתְּנָ֥ה מָטָ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃

[1 Kings 18:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:650` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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