---
title: 1 Kings 18:5 (JPS 1917) — And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the sprin… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.' Who acts: Ahab, we. 1 Kings 18:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# 1 Kings 18:5 · JPS 1917

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And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.'

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**Who acts:** Ahab, we · **What happens:** say, go, find, save, not lose · **To what, where:** land, grass, horses, beasts · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 18:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahab, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:655
# text = And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Obadiah	Obadiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	springs	spring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	brooks	brook	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
26	peradventure	peradventure	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
27	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
30	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	mules	mule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	conj	_	_
37	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	xcomp	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
40	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
41	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
42	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
43	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	45	det:predet	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
47	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ahab |  |  |  |  | unto Obadiah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  | the land | spring |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through land=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **find** | may | we | grass |  |  |  | peradventure *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Topic |
| 4 | **save** | infinitive | we *not said here* | the horses and mules |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **lose** | present | we | all beasts |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beast=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֶל־עֹ֣בַדְיָ֔הוּ לֵ֤ךְ בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶל־כָּל־מַעְיְנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־הַנְּחָלִ֑ים אוּלַ֣י ׀ נִמְצָ֣א חָצִ֗יר וּנְחַיֶּה֙ ס֣וּס וָפֶ֔רֶד וְל֥וֹא נַכְרִ֖ית מֵהַבְּהֵמָֽה׃

[1 Kings 18:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:655` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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