---
title: 1 Kings 2:9 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore hold him not guiltless, for thou art a wise man; and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now therefore hold him not guiltless, for thou art a wise man; and thou wilt know what thou oughtest to do unto him, and thou shalt bring his hoar head down to the grave with blood.' Who acts: you, thou. 1 Kings 2:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 2:9 · JPS 1917

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Now therefore hold him not guiltless, for thou art a wise man; and thou wilt know what thou oughtest to do unto him, and thou shalt bring his hoar head down to the grave with blood.'

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**Who acts:** you, thou · **What happens:** hold, be, know, do, bring · **To what, where:** Mahanaim, wise man, hoar head, grave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 2:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:66
# text = Now therefore hold him not guiltless, for thou art a wise man; and thou wilt know what thou oughtest to do unto him, and thou shalt bring his hoar head down to the grave with blood.'
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	guiltless	guiltless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
10	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
17	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	23	obj	_	_
20	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nsubj	_	_
21	oughtest	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
24	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nsubj	_	_
29	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
32	hoar	hoar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
41	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: suggest
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=suggest

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | imperative | you *not said here* | Mahanaim |  |  | now | guiltless, therefore *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | thou | a wise man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **know** | future | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **do** | ought | thou |  |  |  |  | unto Mahanaim | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 5 | **bring** | shall | thou | Mahanaim's hoar head |  | the grave |  | with blood; down *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme to grave=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעַתָּה֙ אַל־תְּנַקֵּ֔הוּ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ חָכָ֖ם אָ֑תָּה וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לּ֔וֹ וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛וֹ בְּדָ֖ם שְׁאֽוֹל׃

[1 Kings 2:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:66` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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