--- title: 1 Kings 18:23 (JPS 1917) — Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one bul… · tree and pragmatics description: Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one bullock for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under; and I will dress the other bullock, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under. Who acts: you, prophets, I. 1 Kings 18:23 in JPS 1917 with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.673/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/) / [18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.23/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 18:23 · JPS 1917 Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one bullock for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under; and I will dress the other bullock, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under. **Who acts:** you, prophets, I · **What happens:** let, give, choose, cut, lay, put under · **To what, where:** prophets, two bullocks, us, one bullock, Baalim, pieces This is 1 Kings 18:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, prophets, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:673 # text = Let them therefore give us two bullocks; and let them choose one bullock for themselves, and cut it in pieces, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under; and I will dress the other bullock, and lay it on the wood, and put no fire under. 1 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 1 obj _ _ 3 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _ 5 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 iobj _ _ 6 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 bullocks bullock NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 11 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ _ 12 choose choose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 13 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 bullock bullock NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 for for ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 12 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 cut cut VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 lay lay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 conj _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 33 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 34 det _ _ 34 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 under under ADV RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 dress dress VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 conj _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 bullock bullock NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 46 lay lay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 conj _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ _ 48 on on ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 53 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 conj _ _ 54 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 55 det _ _ 55 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obj _ _ 56 under under ADV RP _ 53 compound:prt _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: suggest - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | prophets *= prophet* | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **give** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | two bullocks | us | | | therefore *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient bullock=Theme | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | prophets *= prophet* | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **choose** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | one bullock | | | | for prophets *= prophet* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent bullock=Theme for themselves=Beneficiary | | 5 | **cut** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | Baalim | | pieces | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | | 6 | **lay** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | Baalim | | the wood | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on wood=Destination | | 7 | **put under** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | no fire | | | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fire=Goal | | 8 | **dress** | future | I | the other bullock | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bullock=Patient | | 9 | **lay** | infinitive | I *not said here* | fire | | the wood | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on wood=Destination | | 10 | **put under** | infinitive | I *not said here* | no fire | | | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fire=Goal | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְיִתְּנוּ־לָ֜נוּ שְׁנַ֣יִם פָּרִ֗ים וְיִבְחֲר֣וּ לָהֶם֩ הַפָּ֨ר הָאֶחָ֜ד וִֽינַתְּחֻ֗הוּ וְיָשִׂ֙ימוּ֙ עַל־הָ֣עֵצִ֔ים וְאֵ֖שׁ לֹ֣א יָשִׂ֑ימוּ וַאֲנִ֞י אֶעֱשֶׂ֣ה ׀ אֶת־הַפָּ֣ר הָאֶחָ֗ד וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ עַל־הָ֣עֵצִ֔ים וְאֵ֖שׁ לֹ֥א אָשִֽׂים׃ [1 Kings 18:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:673` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.672/) - next →: [1 Kings 18:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.674/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.23/)