---
title: 1 Kings 18:25 (JPS 1917) — And Elijah said unto the prophets of Baal: 'Choose you one bullock f… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Elijah said unto the prophets of Baal: 'Choose you one bullock for yourselves, and dress it first; for ye are many; and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under.' Who acts: Elijah, ye. 1 Kings 18:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 18:25 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Elijah said unto the prophets of Baal: 'Choose you one bullock for yourselves, and dress it first; for ye are many; and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under.'

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**Who acts:** Elijah, ye · **What happens:** say, choose, dress, be, call, put · **To what, where:** one bullock, you, fire, name, god · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 18:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:675
# text = And Elijah said unto the prophets of Baal: 'Choose you one bullock for yourselves, and dress it first; for ye are many; and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Baal	Baal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
11	Choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	bullock	bullock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	dress	dress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	19	advmod	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	conj	_	_
39	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	40	det	_	_
40	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	under	under	ADV	RP	_	38	advmod	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  | unto the prophets of Baal | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **choose** | infinitive |  | one bullock | you |  |  | for yourselves | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary bullock=Theme |
| 3 | **dress** | infinitive |  | fire |  |  |  | first *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | ye |  |  |  |  | many *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **call** | infinitive |  |  |  | the name of your god |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **put** | infinitive |  | no fire |  |  |  | under *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fire=Goal |
| 7 | **name** |  |  | your god |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלִיָּ֜הוּ לִנְבִיאֵ֣י הַבַּ֗עַל בַּחֲר֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם הַפָּ֤ר הָֽאֶחָד֙ וַעֲשׂ֣וּ רִאשֹׁנָ֔ה כִּ֥י אַתֶּ֖ם הָרַבִּ֑ים וְקִרְאוּ֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם וְאֵ֖שׁ לֹ֥א תָשִֽׂימוּ׃

[1 Kings 18:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:675` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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