---
title: 1 Kings 18:30 (JPS 1917) — And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down. · tree and pragmatics
description: And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down. Who acts: Elijah. 1 Kings 18:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 18:30 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down.

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**Who acts:** Elijah · **What happens:** repair, throw down · **To what, where:** altar

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This is 1 Kings 18:30 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:682
# text = And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	repaired	repair	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
12	down	down	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repair** | past | Elijah | the altar of the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent altar=Patient |
| 2 | **throw down** | past · passive |  | the altar of the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלִיָּ֤הוּ לְכָל־הָעָם֙ גְּשׁ֣וּ אֵלַ֔י וַיִּגְּשׁ֥וּ כָל־הָעָ֖ם אֵלָ֑יו וַיְרַפֵּ֛א אֶת־מִזְבַּ֥ח יְהוָ֖ה הֶהָרֽוּס׃

[1 Kings 18:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.30/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And Elijah said unto all the people: 'Come near unto me'; and all the people came near unto him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.681/)
2. **And he repaired the altar of the LORD that was thrown down.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:682` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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