---
title: 1 Kings 18:41 (JPS 1917) — And Elijah said unto Ahab: 'Get thee up, eat and drink; for there is… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Elijah said unto Ahab: 'Get thee up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.' Who acts: Elijah, sound. 1 Kings 18:41 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 18:41 · JPS 1917

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And Elijah said unto Ahab: 'Get thee up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.'

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**Who acts:** Elijah, sound · **What happens:** say, get up, eat, drink, be · **To what, where:** thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 18:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:694
# text = And Elijah said unto Ahab: 'Get thee up, eat and drink; for there is the sound of abundance of rain.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	obj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	_	18	expl	_	_
18	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	abundance	abundance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  | unto Ahab | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **get up** | infinitive |  | thee |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thou=Stimulus |
| 3 | **eat** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **drink** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **be** | present | the sound of abundance of rain |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ לְאַחְאָ֔ב עֲלֵ֖ה אֱכֹ֣ל וּשְׁתֵ֑ה כִּי־ק֖וֹל הֲמ֥וֹן הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃

[1 Kings 18:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.41/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:694` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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