--- title: 1 Kings 19:4 (JPS 1917) — But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came an… · tree and pragmatics description: But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a broom-tree; and he requested for himself that he might die; and said: 'It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life; for I am not better than my fathers.' Who acts: Jezebel, tree, I, day. 1 Kings 19:4 in JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.705/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/) / [19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.4/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 19:4 · JPS 1917 But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a broom-tree; and he requested for himself that he might die; and said: 'It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life; for I am not better than my fathers.' **Who acts:** Jezebel, tree, I, day · **What happens:** go, come, sit down, request, die, say · **To what, where:** journey, wilderness, broom tree, life · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 19:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jezebel, tree, I, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:705 # text = But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a broom-tree; and he requested for himself that he might die; and said: 'It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life; for I am not better than my fathers.' 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp 2 nmod _ _ 4 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case _ _ 8 journey journey NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl:unmarked _ _ 9 into into ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 17 down down ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 under under ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 broom broom NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 21 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct _ _ 22 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 requested request VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 26 obl _ _ 29 that that SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 ccomp _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 36 : : PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ _ 38 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 enough enough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 ccomp _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 47 punct _ _ 42 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 47 advmod _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 O o INTJ UH _ 45 discourse _ _ 45 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 vocative _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 47 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 48 away away ADP RP _ 47 compound:prt _ _ 49 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 50 nmod:poss _ _ 50 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 51 ; ; PUNCT : _ 56 punct _ _ 52 for for SCONJ IN _ 56 mark _ _ 53 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 54 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 56 cop _ _ 55 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 56 advmod _ _ 56 better well ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 47 advcl _ _ 57 than than ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 59 nmod:poss _ _ 59 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 56 obl _ _ 60 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 61 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: express - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: changed act=express | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | past | Jezebel | a day's journey | | the wilderness | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into wilderness=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **come** | past | Jezebel *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **sit down** | past | Jezebel *not said here* | | | a broom tree | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location | | 4 | **request** | past | Jezebel | | | | | for Jezebel | vn beg-58.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **die** | might | Jezebel | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jezebel *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | tree | | | | | enough *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **take away** | infinitive | | my life | | | now | LORD *vocative* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | | 9 | **not** **is** | present | I | | | | | than my fathers; well *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **journey** | | a day | | | | | | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהֽוּא־הָלַ֤ךְ בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ י֔וֹם וַיָּבֹ֕א וַיֵּ֕שֶׁב תַּ֖חַת רֹ֣תֶם אֶחָ֑ד וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ לָמ֔וּת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ רַ֗ב עַתָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ קַ֣ח נַפְשִׁ֔י כִּֽי־לֹא־ט֥וֹב אָנֹכִ֖י מֵאֲבֹתָֽי׃ [1 Kings 19:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:705` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 19:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.704/) - next →: [1 Kings 19:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.706/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.4/)