---
title: 1 Kings 19:21 (JPS 1917) — And he returned from following him, and took the yoke of oxen, and s… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he returned from following him, and took the yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat. Who acts: Elijah, oxen. 1 Kings 19:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 19:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he returned from following him, and took the yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat.

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**Who acts:** Elijah, oxen · **What happens:** return, follow, take, slay, boil, give · **To what, where:** Elijah, yoke, oxen, flesh

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 19:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elijah, oxen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:724
# text = And he returned from following him, and took the yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	yoke	yoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	boiled	boil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
21	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	instruments	instrument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
32	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | Elijah |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund | Elijah *not said here* | Elijah |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past | Elijah *not said here* | the yoke of oxen |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yoke=Theme |
| 4 | **slay** | past | Elijah *not said here* | oxen *= ox* |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 5 | **boil** | past | Elijah *not said here* | oxen's flesh |  |  |  | with the instruments of the oxen | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent flesh=Patient with instrument=Instrument |
| 6 | **give** | past | Elijah *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the people | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **eat** | past · do-support | oxen *= ox* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֨שָׁב מֵאַחֲרָ֜יו וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־צֶ֧מֶד הַבָּקָ֣ר וַיִּזְבָּחֵ֗הוּ וּבִכְלִ֤י הַבָּקָר֙ בִּשְּׁלָ֣ם הַבָּשָׂ֔ר וַיִּתֵּ֥ן לָעָ֖ם וַיֹּאכֵ֑לוּ וַיָּ֗קָם וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ אַחֲרֵ֥י אֵלִיָּ֖הוּ וַיְשָׁרְתֵֽהוּ׃פ

[1 Kings 19:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.21/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And he returned from following him, and took the yoke of oxen, and slew them, and boiled their flesh with the instruments of the oxen, and gave unto the people, and they did eat.**
2. [Then he arose, and went after Elijah, and ministered unto him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.725/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:724` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Kings 19:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.723/)
- next →: [1 Kings 19:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.725/)
- ↑ back to [1 Kings 19:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.21/)