---
title: 1 Kings 20:5 (JPS 1917) — And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, s… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children; Who acts: messengers, I, Thou. 1 Kings 20:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# 1 Kings 20:5 · JPS 1917

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And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;

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**Who acts:** messengers, I, Thou · **What happens:** come, say, speak, send, deliver · **To what, where:** Ben, silver, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 20:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (messengers, I, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:730
# text = And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	_
11	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	speaketh	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
13	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
15	hadad	hadad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
17	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	advcl	_	_
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	_
21	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	advcl	_	_
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	ccomp	_	_
30	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
45	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: other
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed form=other, act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the messengers |  |  |  | again |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the messengers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present |  | Ben |  |  |  | thus *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **send** | past | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; indeed *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **deliver** | shall | Thou | thy silver and thy gold and thy wives and thy children | me |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary silver=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֥ר בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּֽי־שָׁלַ֤חְתִּי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כַּסְפְּךָ֧ וּזְהָבְךָ֛ וְנָשֶׁ֥יךָ וּבָנֶ֖יךָ לִ֥י תִתֵּֽן׃

[1 Kings 20:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:730` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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