--- title: 1 Kings 20:9 (JPS 1917) — Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord th… · tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word. Who acts: king, thou, I, messengers. 1 Kings 20:9 in JPS 1917 with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.734/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / [20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.9/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 20:9 · JPS 1917 Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word. **Who acts:** king, thou, I, messengers · **What happens:** say, tell, send, do, not do, depart · **To what, where:** lord, first, All, thing, word, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 20:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, thou, I, messengers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:734 # text = Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word. 1 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB _ 3 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ _ 10 hadad hadad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 12 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 13 Tell tell VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 14 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 iobj _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 18 : : PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 19 All all PRON DT PronType=Tot 33 obj _ _ 20 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 obl _ _ 21 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 nsubj _ _ 22 didst do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 acl:relcl _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 23 obl _ _ 31 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 ccomp _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 35 but but CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 36 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 37 det _ _ 37 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 38 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 39 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 41 advmod _ _ 41 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ 43 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ _ 44 And and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 47 nsubj _ _ 47 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 50 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 conj _ _ 51 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 iobj _ _ 52 back back ADV RB _ 50 advmod _ _ 53 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obj _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | king | | | | | unto the messengers of Ben hadad; wherefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | | my lord | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent lord=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **send** | past · do-support | thou | | | the first | | to thy servant | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to servant=Destination | | 4 | **do** | future | I | All | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Eventuality | | 5 | **not** **do** | may | I | this thing | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | | 6 | **depart** | past | the messengers | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **bring back** | past | the messengers *not said here* | word | king | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Destination word=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֜אמֶר לְמַלְאֲכֵ֣י בֶנ־הֲדַ֗דבֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד אִמְר֞וּ לַֽאדֹנִ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֨חְתָּ אֶל־עַבְדְּךָ֤ בָרִֽאשֹׁנָה֙ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה וְהַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה לֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל לַעֲשׂ֑וֹת וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיְשִׁבֻ֖הוּ דָּבָֽר׃ [1 Kings 20:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:734` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.733/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.735/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.9/)