---
title: 1 Kings 20:26 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad muster… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad mustered the Arameans, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel. Who acts: Ben, year. 1 Kings 20:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 20:26 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad mustered the Arameans, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ben, year · **What happens:** come, pass, muster, go up, fight, return · **To what, where:** voice, return, Arameans, Aphek

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 20:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ben, year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:752
# text = And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad mustered the Arameans, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	_
16	hadad	hadad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
17	mustered	muster	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Arameans	Aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
23	up	up	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Aphek	Aphek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
29	against	against	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | voice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the return of the year |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at return=Location |
| 3 | **muster** | past | Ben | the Arameans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go up** | past | Ben *not said here* |  | Aphek |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **fight** | to-infinitive | Ben *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against Israel | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **return** |  | the year |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיְהִי֙ לִתְשׁוּבַ֣ת הַשָּׁנָ֔ה וַיִּפְקֹ֥ד בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד אֶת־אֲרָ֑ם וַיַּ֣עַל אֲפֵ֔קָה לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[1 Kings 20:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:752` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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