--- title: 1 Kings 20:33 (JPS 1917) — Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it from him; a… · tree and pragmatics description: Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it from him; and they said: 'Thy brother Ben-hadad.' Then he said: 'Go ye, bring him.' Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into his chariot. Who acts: men, servants, brother, ye. 1 Kings 20:33 in JPS 1917 with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.761/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / [20:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.33/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 20:33 · JPS 1917 Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it from him; and they said: 'Thy brother Ben-hadad.' Then he said: 'Go ye, bring him.' Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into his chariot. **Who acts:** men, servants, brother, ye, Ben · **What happens:** take, hasten, catch, say, go, bring · **To what, where:** sackcloth, brother, chariot · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 20:33 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, servants, brother, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:761 # text = Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it from him; and they said: 'Thy brother Ben-hadad.' Then he said: 'Go ye, bring him.' Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into his chariot. 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 hastened hasten VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 catch catch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 xcomp _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 19 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 22 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ _ 23 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 25 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 26 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 27 punct _ _ 27 hadad Ben-hadad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 ccomp _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct _ _ 29 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 30 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ _ 31 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 33 : : PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 34 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ _ 35 Go go VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 32 ccomp _ _ 36 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 nsubj _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 38 bring bring VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 35 conj _ _ 39 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 35 punct _ _ 41 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 35 punct _ _ 42 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 46 advmod _ _ 43 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 44 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 43 punct _ _ 45 hadad hadad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 flat _ _ 46 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 47 forth forth ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 48 to to ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obl _ _ 50 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 52 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 53 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 54 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 obj _ _ 55 to to PART TO _ 56 mark _ _ 56 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 53 xcomp _ _ 57 up up ADV RB _ 56 advmod _ _ 58 into into ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 60 nmod:poss _ _ 60 chariot chariot NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obl _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | the men | sackcloth | | | now | for a sign | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Theme for sign=Beneficiary | | 2 | **hasten** | past | the men *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **catch** | to-infinitive | the men *not said here* | sackcloth | | | | from man | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from he=Source | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | servants *= servant* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | brother | | | | then | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **go** | infinitive | ye | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **bring** | infinitive | ye *not said here* | | brother | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | | 8 | **come** | past | Ben | | brother | | then | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location | | 9 | **cause** | past | Ben | brother | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **come up** | to-infinitive | brother *not said here* | | | brother's chariot | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into chariot=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָאֲנָשִׁים֩ יְנַחֲשׁ֨וּ וַֽיְמַהֲר֜וּ וַיַּחְלְט֣וּ הֲמִמֶּ֗נּוּ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אָחִ֣יךָ בֶנ־הֲדַ֔דבֶנ־הֲדַ֔ד וַיֹּ֖אמֶר בֹּ֣אוּ קָחֻ֑הוּ וַיֵּצֵ֤א אֵלָיו֙ בֶּנ־הֲדַ֔דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֔ד וַֽיַּעֲלֵ֖הוּ עַל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָֽה׃ [1 Kings 20:33: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.33/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:761` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.760/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:34 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.762/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.33/)