---
title: 1 Kings 21:4 (JPS 1917) — And Ahab came into his house sullen and displeased because of the wo… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Ahab came into his house sullen and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said: 'I will not give thee the inheritance of my fathers.' And he laid him down upon his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread. Who acts: Ahab, Naboth, I.
---

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# 1 Kings 21:4 · JPS 1917

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And Ahab came into his house sullen and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said: 'I will not give thee the inheritance of my fathers.' And he laid him down upon his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.

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**Who acts:** Ahab, Naboth, I · **What happens:** come, speak, say, not give, lay down, turn away · **To what, where:** house, word, Ahab, inheritance, thee, bed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 21:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahab, Naboth, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:775
# text = And Ahab came into his house sullen and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said: 'I will not give thee the inheritance of my fathers.' And he laid him down upon his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	sullen	sullen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	displeased	displeased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
15	Naboth	Naboth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Jezreelite	Jezreelite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	ccomp	_	_
33	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	iobj	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	_
40	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
41	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
44	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	_
45	down	down	ADP	RP	_	43	compound:prt	_	_
46	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
51	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	conj	_	_
52	away	away	ADP	RP	_	51	compound:prt	_	_
53	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	54	nmod:poss	_	_
54	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obj	_	_
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
57	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	58	aux	_	_
58	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	conj	_	_
59	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	60	det	_	_
60	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obj	_	_
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Ahab |  |  | Ahab's house |  | sullen *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into house=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect | Naboth | the word | Ahab |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | Naboth |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **give** | future | I | the inheritance of my fathers | thee |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient inheritance=Theme |
| 5 | **lay down** | past | Naboth | Ahab |  | Naboth's bed |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme upon bed=Destination |
| 6 | **turn away** | past | Naboth *not said here* | Naboth's face |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Theme |
| 7 | **eat** | would | Naboth *not said here* | no bread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |
| 8 | **inherit** |  |  | my fathers |  |  |  |  | nom inheritance «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּבֹא֩ אַחְאָ֨ב אֶל־בֵּית֜וֹ סַ֣ר וְזָעֵ֗ף עַל־הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר אֵלָ֗יו נָבוֹת֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔י וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֥ן לְךָ֖ אֶת־נַחֲלַ֣ת אֲבוֹתָ֑י וַיִּשְׁכַּב֙ עַל־מִטָּת֔וֹ וַיַּסֵּ֥ב אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו וְלֹֽא־אָ֥כַל לָֽחֶם׃

[1 Kings 21:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:775` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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