---
title: 1 Kings 21:5 (JPS 1917) — But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said unto him: 'Why is thy spi… · tree and pragmatics
description: But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said unto him: 'Why is thy spirit so sullen, that thou eatest no bread?' Who acts: Jezebel, spirit, thou. 1 Kings 21:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 21:5 · JPS 1917

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But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said unto him: 'Why is thy spirit so sullen, that thou eatest no bread?'

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**Who acts:** Jezebel, spirit, thou · **What happens:** come, say, be, eat · **To what, where:** Naboth, bread · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 21:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jezebel, spirit, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:776
# text = But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said unto him: 'Why is thy spirit so sullen, that thou eatest no bread?'
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Jezebel	Jezebel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	sullen	sullen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
24	eatest	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
25	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	26	det	_	_
26	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Jezebel |  | Naboth |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jezebel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Naboth | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | thy spirit |  |  |  |  | sullen *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **eat** | present | thou | no bread |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתָּבֹ֥א אֵלָ֖יו אִיזֶ֣בֶל אִשְׁתּ֑וֹ וַתְּדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלָ֗יו מַה־זֶּה֙ רוּחֲךָ֣ סָרָ֔ה וְאֵינְךָ֖ אֹכֵ֥ל לָֽחֶם׃

[1 Kings 21:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:776` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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