---
title: 1 Kings 21:13 (JPS 1917) — And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: 'Naboth did curse God and the king.' Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died. Who ac
---

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# 1 Kings 21:13 · JPS 1917

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And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: 'Naboth did curse God and the king.' Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.

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**Who acts:** two men, base fellows, Naboth, men · **What happens:** come in, sit, bear, say, curse, carry · **To what, where:** witness, presence, God, Naboth, city · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 21:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two men, base fellows, Naboth, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:785
# text = And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: 'Naboth did curse God and the king.' Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fellows	fellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	fellows	fellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
22	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	against	against	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	even	even	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	against	against	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Naboth	Naboth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
38	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
39	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	42	punct	_	_
40	Naboth	Naboth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
41	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
42	curse	curse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	ccomp	_	_
43	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	42	punct	_	_
48	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	42	punct	_	_
49	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	51	advmod	_	_
50	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj	_	_
51	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
52	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	obj	_	_
53	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
54	out	out	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	_
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	60	punct	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	stoned	stone	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	conj	_	_
61	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	60	obj	_	_
62	with	with	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
63	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	60	obl	_	_
64	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
65	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	67	mark	_	_
66	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	67	nsubj	_	_
67	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	60	advcl	_	_
68	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | the two men |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sit** | past | the two men *not said here* |  |  |  | before Naboth |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |
| 3 | **bear** | past | the base fellows | witness |  | the presence of the people |  | against Naboth; against Naboth | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent witness=Patient |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the base fellows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **curse** | past · do-support | Naboth | God and the king |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Theme |
| 6 | **carry** | past | men *= man* | Naboth |  | the city | then | forth *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme out city=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **stone** | past | men *= man* *not said here* |  | Naboth |  |  | with stones | vn pelt-17.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Destination with stone=Theme |
| 8 | **die** | past | Naboth |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ שְׁנֵ֨י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וַיְעִדֻהוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַבְּלִיַּ֜עַל אֶת־נָב֗וֹת נֶ֤גֶד הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥ךְ נָב֛וֹת אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּצִאֻ֙הוּ֙ מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר וַיִּסְקְלֻ֥הוּ בָאֲבָנִ֖ים וַיָּמֹֽת׃

[1 Kings 21:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:785` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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