---
title: 1 Kings 22:3 (JPS 1917) — And the king of Israel said unto his servants: 'Know ye that Ramoth-… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king of Israel said unto his servants: 'Know ye that Ramoth-gilead is ours, and we are still, and take it not out of the hand of the king of Aram?' Who acts: king, ye, Ramoth gilead, we. 1 Kings 22:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 22:3 · JPS 1917

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And the king of Israel said unto his servants: 'Know ye that Ramoth-gilead is ours, and we are still, and take it not out of the hand of the king of Aram?'

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**Who acts:** king, ye, Ramoth gilead, we · **What happens:** say, know, be, not take · **To what, where:** ours, gilead, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 22:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, ye, Ramoth gilead, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:804
# text = And the king of Israel said unto his servants: 'Know ye that Ramoth-gilead is ours, and we are still, and take it not out of the hand of the king of Aram?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
13	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	Ramoth	Ramoth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
17	gilead	gilead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	ours	our	PRON	PRP	Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	ccomp	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	still	still	ADV	RB	_	19	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
30	out	out	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	fixed	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
39	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
40	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q, act=suggest

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king of Israel |  |  |  |  | unto king's servants | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** | present | ye |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Ramoth gilead | ours |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | we |  |  |  |  | still *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **take** | present | ye *not said here* | gilead |  | the hand of the king of Aram |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent it=Theme out hand=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־עֲבָדָ֔יו הַיְדַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּֽי־לָ֖נוּ רָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד רָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַאֲנַ֣חְנוּ מַחְשִׁ֔ים מִקַּ֣חַת אֹתָ֔הּ מִיַּ֖ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָֽם׃

[1 Kings 22:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:804` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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