---
title: 1 Kings 22:19 (JPS 1917) — I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven sta… · tree and pragmatics
description: I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on his left. Who acts: I, LORD, host. 1 Kings 22:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 22:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on his left.

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**Who acts:** I, LORD, host · **What happens:** see, sit, stand · **To what, where:** LORD, throne, right hand

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This is 1 Kings 22:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD, host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:821
# text = I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on his left.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	throne	throne	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | I | the LORD |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | gerund | the LORD *not said here* |  |  | LORD's throne |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on throne=Location |
| 3 | **stand** | gerund | all host of heaven *not said here* |  |  | LORD's right hand and LORD's left |  | by LORD | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by he=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָכֵ֖ן שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־יְהוָה֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ וְכָל־צְבָ֤א הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃

[1 Kings 22:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.19/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And he said: 'Therefore hear thou the word of the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.820/)
2. **I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on his left.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:821` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Kings 22:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.820/)
- next →: [1 Kings 22:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.822/)
- ↑ back to [1 Kings 22:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.19/)