--- title: 1 Kings 22:28 (JPS 1917) — And Micaiah said: 'If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not… · tree and pragmatics description: And Micaiah said: 'If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not spoken by me.' And he said: 'Hear, ye peoples, all of you.' Who acts: Micaiah, thou, LORD, ye. 1 Kings 22:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.833/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/22/) / [22:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.28/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 22:28 · JPS 1917 And Micaiah said: 'If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not spoken by me.' And he said: 'Hear, ye peoples, all of you.' **Who acts:** Micaiah, thou, LORD, ye · **What happens:** say, return, not speak, hear · **To what, where:** peace · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 22:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Micaiah, thou, LORD, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:833 # text = And Micaiah said: 'If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not spoken by me.' And he said: 'Hear, ye peoples, all of you.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Micaiah Micaiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 6 If if SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 7 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nsubj _ _ 8 return return VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 9 at at ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 all all ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 peace peace NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 16 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 18 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 ccomp _ _ 19 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 21 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ 22 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 23 And and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 26 : : PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 27 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ _ 28 Hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 ccomp _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nsubj _ _ 31 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 vocative _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 31 appos _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 nmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ 37 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=assert, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Micaiah | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **return** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | | | peace | | all *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | present · perfect | the LORD | | | | | by me | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Micaiah | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **hear** | infinitive | ye | | | | | peoples *vocative* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מִיכָ֔יְהוּ אִם־שׁ֤וֹב תָּשׁוּב֙ בְּשָׁל֔וֹם לֹֽא־דִבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בִּ֑י וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁמְע֖וּ עַמִּ֥ים כֻּלָּֽם׃ [1 Kings 22:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.28/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:833` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 22:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.832/) - next →: [1 Kings 22:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.834/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 22:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.28/)