---
title: 1 Kings 22:30 (JPS 1917) — And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat: 'I will disguise mysel… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat: 'I will disguise myself, and go into the battle; but put thou on thy robes.' And the king of Israel disguised himself, and went into the battle. Who acts: king, I. 1 Kings 22:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 22:30 · JPS 1917

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And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat: 'I will disguise myself, and go into the battle; but put thou on thy robes.' And the king of Israel disguised himself, and went into the battle.

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**Who acts:** king, I · **What happens:** say, disguise, go, put · **To what, where:** myself, battle, thou, robes, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Kings 22:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:835
# text = And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat: 'I will disguise myself, and go into the battle; but put thou on thy robes.' And the king of Israel disguised himself, and went into the battle.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	disguise	disguise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
14	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	obj	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	robes	robe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
30	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	disguised	disguise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
36	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	35	obj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	conj	_	_
40	into	into	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king of Israel |  |  |  |  | unto Jehoshaphat | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **disguise** | future | I | myself |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent myself=Destination |
| 3 | **go** | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  | the battle |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into battle=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **put** | infinitive | I *not said here* | thou |  | thy robes |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme on robe=Destination |
| 5 | **disguise** | past | the king of Israel | king |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Destination |
| 6 | **go** | past | the king of Israel *not said here* |  |  | the battle |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into battle=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּאמֶר֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט הִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ וָבֹ֣א בַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאַתָּ֖ה לְבַ֣שׁ בְּגָדֶ֑יךָ וַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיָּב֖וֹא בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃

[1 Kings 22:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:835` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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