---
title: 1 Kings 22:41 (JPS 1917) — And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the four… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel. Who acts: Jehoshaphat. 1 Kings 22:41 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 22:41 · JPS 1917

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And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.

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**Who acts:** Jehoshaphat · **What happens:** begin, reign · **To what, where:** Judah

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This is 1 Kings 22:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jehoshaphat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:846
# text = And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Asa	Asa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	reign	reign	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	fourth	fourth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	amod	_	_
15	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	Ahab	Ahab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:unmarked	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Jehoshaphat |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **reign** | to-infinitive | Jehoshaphat *not said here* |  |  | Judah | year |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וִיהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ בֶּן־אָסָ֔א מָלַ֖ךְ עַל־יְהוּדָ֑ה בִּשְׁנַ֣ת אַרְבַּ֔ע לְאַחְאָ֖ב מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[1 Kings 22:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.22.41/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:846` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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