--- title: 1 Kings 2:30 (JPS 1917) — And Benaiah came to the Tent of the LORD, and said unto him: 'Thus s… · tree and pragmatics description: And Benaiah came to the Tent of the LORD, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the king: Come forth.' And he said: 'Nay; but I will die here.' And Benaiah brought back word unto the king, saying: 'Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.' Who acts: Benaiah, king, I, Joab. 1 Kings 2:30 in JPS 1917 with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.90/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/2/) / [2:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.30/) / JPS 1 # 1 Kings 2:30 · JPS 1917 And Benaiah came to the Tent of the LORD, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the king: Come forth.' And he said: 'Nay; but I will die here.' And Benaiah brought back word unto the king, saying: 'Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.' **Who acts:** Benaiah, king, I, Joab · **What happens:** come, say, die, bring back, answer · **To what, where:** Tent, word, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Kings 2:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Benaiah, king, I, Joab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1KI:90 # text = And Benaiah came to the Tent of the LORD, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the king: Come forth.' And he said: 'Nay; but I will die here.' And Benaiah brought back word unto the king, saying: 'Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Benaiah Benaiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Tent Tent PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 13 unto unto ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 17 Thus thus ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 22 Come come VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 23 forth forth ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ 25 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 26 And and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 29 : : PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 30 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 31 Nay nay INTJ UH _ 28 ccomp _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 33 but but CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 conj _ _ 37 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 36 advmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 40 And and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 41 Benaiah Benaiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 42 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 43 back back ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 44 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 45 unto unto ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 42 advcl _ _ 50 : : PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 51 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 53 punct _ _ 52 Thus thus ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ _ 53 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 ccomp _ _ 54 Joab Joab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nsubj _ _ 55 , , PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 59 cc _ _ 57 thus thus ADV RB _ 59 advmod _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 59 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 conj _ _ 60 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 59 obj _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 53 punct _ _ 62 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 53 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Benaiah | | | the Tent of the LORD | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to tent=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Benaiah *not said here* | | | | | unto Benaiah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the king | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **come** | infinitive | | | | | | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Benaiah | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **die** | future | I | | | here | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 7 | **bring back** | past | Benaiah | word | | | | unto the king | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent word=Theme | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Benaiah *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 9 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joab | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Joab | | me | | | thus *property* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיָּבֹ֨א בְנָיָ֜הוּ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֗ה וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ צֵ֔א וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ׀ לֹ֖א כִּ֣י פֹ֣ה אָמ֑וּת וַיָּ֨שֶׁב בְּנָיָ֤הוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ דָּבָ֣ר לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּֽה־דִבֶּ֥ר יוֹאָ֖ב וְכֹ֥ה עָנָֽנִי׃ [1 Kings 2:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.30/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:90` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Kings 2:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.89/) - next →: [1 Kings 2:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.91/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 2:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.30/)