---
title: 1 Kings 2:39 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the serva… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath. Who acts: servant, two. 1 Kings 2:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Kings 2:39 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** servant, two · **What happens:** come, pass, run away · **To what, where:** end

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Kings 2:39 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servant, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1KI:99
# text = And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Shimei	Shimei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
21	away	away	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Achish	Achish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Maacah	Maacah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Gath	Gath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | servant |  |  |  | at the end of three years |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | servant *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **run away** | past | two of the servants of Shimei |  |  |  |  | unto Achish; away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֗י מִקֵּץ֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֔ים וַיִּבְרְח֤וּ שְׁנֵֽי־עֲבָדִים֙ לְשִׁמְעִ֔י אֶל־אָכִ֥ישׁ בֶּֽן־מַעֲכָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ גַּ֑ת וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לְשִׁמְעִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה עֲבָדֶ֖יךָ בְּגַֽת׃

[1 Kings 2:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.39/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath.**
2. [And they told Shimei, saying: 'Behold, thy servants are in Gath.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.100/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1KI:99` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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