--- title: 1 Samuel 4:10 (JPS 1917) — And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled ev… · tree and pragmatics description: And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent; and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen. Who acts: Philistines, great slaughter, thousand footmen. 1 Samuel 4:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.106/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/) / [4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.10/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 4:10 · JPS 1917 And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent; and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen. **Who acts:** Philistines, great slaughter, thousand footmen · **What happens:** fight, smite, flee, be, fall · **To what, where:** Israel, man, tent This is 1 Samuel 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines, great slaughter, thousand footmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:106 # text = And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent; and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Philistines Philistine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 fought fight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 7 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 smitten smite VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 fled flee VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 14 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 15 det _ _ 15 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl:unmarked _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 tent tent NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 22 expl _ _ 22 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 24 very very ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 slaughter slaughter NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 28 for for SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 30 expl _ _ 30 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 33 thirty thirty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 footmen footman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | past | the Philistines | | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **smite** | past · passive | | Israel | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | | 3 | **flee** | past | Philistines *= philistine* | every man | | Israel's tent | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to tent=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **be** | past | a great slaughter | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **fall** | past | thousand footmen | | | there | | of Israel | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme of israel=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֔יו וַתְּהִ֥י הַמַּכָּ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּפֹּל֙ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף רַגְלִֽי׃ [1 Samuel 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:106` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 4:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.105/) - next →: [1 Samuel 4:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.107/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.10/)