---
title: 1 Samuel 5:4 (JPS 1917) — And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was f… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him. Who acts: Philistines, head. 1 Samuel 5:4 i
---

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# 1 Samuel 5:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him.

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**Who acts:** Philistines, head · **What happens:** arise, fall, lie, cut off, leave · **To what, where:** Dagon, trunk

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 5:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:125
# text = And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
5	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	morrow	morrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	15	discourse	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	Dagon	Dagon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	ark	ark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Dagon	Dagon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	both	both	DET	PDT	_	37	det:predet	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	palms	palm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	conj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nmod	_	_
41	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
42	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	41	xcomp	_	_
43	off	off	ADP	RP	_	42	compound:prt	_	_
44	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	threshold	threshold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	54	punct	_	_
48	only	only	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nsubj:pass	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	Dagon	Dagon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
53	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	54	aux:pass	_	_
54	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
55	to	to	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	54	obl	_	_
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | Philistines *= philistine* |  |  |  | morning | early *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past · passive |  | Dagon |  |  | before the ark of the LORD | upon Dagon's face; to the ground *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent to ground=Result |
| 3 | **lie** | past | the head of Dagon and both palms of Dagon's hands |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **cut off** | participle | the head of Dagon and both palms of Dagon's hands *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the threshold | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 5 | **leave** | past · passive |  | the trunk of Dagon | Dagon |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to he=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּקֶר֮ מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וְרֹ֨אשׁ דָּג֜וֹן וּשְׁתֵּ֣י ׀ כַּפּ֣וֹת יָדָ֗יו כְּרֻתוֹת֙ אֶל־הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן רַ֥ק דָּג֖וֹן נִשְׁאַ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃

[1 Samuel 5:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.5.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:125` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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