--- title: 1 Samuel 6:6 (JPS 1917) — Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharao… · tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? when He had wrought among them, did they not let the people go, and they departed? Who acts: ye, Egyptians, Israel, people. 1 Samuel 6:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.140/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/6/) / [6:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.6/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 6:6 · JPS 1917 Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? when He had wrought among them, did they not let the people go, and they departed? **Who acts:** ye, Egyptians, Israel, people · **What happens:** harden, wrought, not let, go, depart · **To what, where:** hearts, people This is 1 Samuel 6:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, Egyptians, Israel, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:140 # text = Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts? when He had wrought among them, did they not let the people go, and they departed? 1 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 2 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 3 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 5 nsubj _ _ 5 harden harden VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 hearts heart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 9 as as SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 Egyptians Egyptians PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 hardened harden VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 15 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 hearts heart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ 18 when when SCONJ WRB _ 21 mark _ _ 19 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 wrought wrought VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 advcl _ _ 22 among among ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 28 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 xcomp _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 36 ? ? PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: narrator - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed indirect=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **harden** | present · do-support | ye | your hearts | | | then | wherefore *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | | 2 | **harden** | past | the Egyptians and Pharaoh | Egyptians's hearts | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | | 3 | **wrought** | past · perfect | Israel | | | | | among Egyptians | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **let** | past · do-support | Egyptians | the people | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **go** | infinitive | the people *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **depart** | past | Egyptians | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְלָ֤מָּה תְכַבְּדוּ֙ אֶת־לְבַבְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר כִּבְּד֛וּ מִצְרַ֥יִם וּפַרְעֹ֖ה אֶת־לִבָּ֑ם הֲלוֹא֙ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל בָּהֶ֔ם וַֽיְשַׁלְּח֖וּם וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ׃ [1 Samuel 6:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.6/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:140` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 6:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.139/) - next →: [1 Samuel 6:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.141/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 6:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.6/)