---
title: 1 Samuel 8:19 (JPS 1917) — But the people refused to hearken unto the voice of Samuel; and they… · tree and pragmatics
description: But the people refused to hearken unto the voice of Samuel; and they said: 'Nay; but there shall be a king over us; Who acts: people. 1 Samuel 8:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 8:19 · JPS 1917

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But the people refused to hearken unto the voice of Samuel; and they said: 'Nay; but there shall be a king over us;

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** refuse, not hearken, say · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 8:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:193
# text = But the people refused to hearken unto the voice of Samuel; and they said: 'Nay; but there shall be a king over us;
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hearken	hearken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	23	discourse	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	23	expl	_	_
22	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
26	over	over	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nmod	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** | past | the people |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **hearken** | to-infinitive | the people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the voice of Samuel | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ הָעָ֔ם לִשְׁמֹ֖עַ בְּק֣וֹל שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לֹּ֔א כִּ֥י אִם־מֶ֖לֶךְ יִֽהְיֶ֥ה עָלֵֽינוּ׃

[1 Samuel 8:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:193` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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