---
title: 1 Samuel 9:12 (JPS 1917) — And they answered them, and said: 'He is; behold, he is before thee;… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they answered them, and said: 'He is; behold, he is before thee; make haste now, for he is come to-day into the city; for the people have a sacrifice to-day in the high place. Who acts: servants, man, people. 1 Samuel 9:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 9:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they answered them, and said: 'He is; behold, he is before thee; make haste now, for he is come to-day into the city; for the people have a sacrifice to-day in the high place.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** servants, man, people · **What happens:** answer, say, be, make, come, have · **To what, where:** maidens, haste, city, sacrifice, high place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 9:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants, man, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:209
# text = And they answered them, and said: 'He is; behold, he is before thee; make haste now, for he is come to-day into the city; for the people have a sacrifice to-day in the high place.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
13	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	parataxis	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	parataxis	_	_
21	haste	haste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	_
30	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl:unmarked	_	_
31	into	into	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
35	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nsubj	_	_
38	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	to	to	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	_
43	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl:unmarked	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
46	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | servants *= servant* |  | maidens *= maiden* |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | servants *= servant* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | man |  |  |  | before thee |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | infinitive |  | haste |  |  | now |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset haste=Product |
| 5 | **come** | present · passive | man |  |  | the city | day |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into city=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **have** | present | the people | a sacrifice |  | the high place | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתַּעֲנֶ֧ינָה אוֹתָ֛ם וַתֹּאמַ֥רְנָה יֵּ֖שׁ הִנֵּ֣ה לְפָנֶ֑יךָ מַהֵ֣ר ׀ עַתָּ֗ה כִּ֤י הַיּוֹם֙ בָּ֣א לָעִ֔יר כִּ֣י זֶ֧בַח הַיּ֛וֹם לָעָ֖ם בַּבָּמָֽה׃

[1 Samuel 9:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:209` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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