---
title: 1 Samuel 9:27 (JPS 1917) — As they were going down at the end of the city, Samuel said to Saul:… · tree and pragmatics
description: As they were going down at the end of the city, Samuel said to Saul: 'Bid the servant pass on before us — and he passed on — but stand thou still at this time, that I may cause thee to hear the word of God.' Who acts: people, Samuel, thou, I. 1 Samuel 9:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and th
---

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# 1 Samuel 9:27 · JPS 1917

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As they were going down at the end of the city, Samuel said to Saul: 'Bid the servant pass on before us — and he passed on — but stand thou still at this time, that I may cause thee to hear the word of God.'

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**Who acts:** people, Samuel, thou, I, thee · **What happens:** go down, say, bid, pass on, stand, cause · **To what, where:** end, Saul, servant, thee, word, God · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 9:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Samuel, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:228
# text = As they were going down at the end of the city, Samuel said to Saul: 'Bid the servant pass on before us — and he passed on — but stand thou still at this time, that I may cause thee to hear the word of God.'
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
13	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Bid	bid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	before	before	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
26	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
30	on	on	ADP	RP	_	29	compound:prt	_	_
31	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
32	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
34	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
35	still	still	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
36	at	at	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	38	det	_	_
38	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
41	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
42	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	advcl	_	_
44	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	obj	_	_
45	to	to	PART	TO	_	46	mark	_	_
46	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	43	xcomp	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
52	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past · progressive | people |  |  |  | at the end of the city |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at end=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel |  | Saul |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to saul=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bid** | infinitive |  | the servant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pass on** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | before us |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **pass on** | past | Samuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **stand** | infinitive | thou |  |  |  | still; time |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **cause** | may | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **hear** | to-infinitive | thee *not said here* | the word of God |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 9 | **word** |  |  | God |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֵ֗מָּה יֽוֹרְדִים֙ בִּקְצֵ֣ה הָעִ֔יר וּשְׁמוּאֵ֞ל אָמַ֣ר אֶל־שָׁא֗וּל אֱמֹ֥ר לַנַּ֛עַר וְיַעֲבֹ֥ר לְפָנֵ֖ינוּ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֑ר וְאַתָּה֙ עֲמֹ֣ד כַּיּ֔וֹם וְאַשְׁמִיעֲךָ֖ אֶת־דְּבַ֥ר אֱלֹהִֽים׃פ

[1 Samuel 9:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.27/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:228` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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