---
title: 1 Samuel 1:23 (JPS 1917) — And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him. Who acts: Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman. 1 Samuel 1:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the p
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.23/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/1/) / [1:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.23/) / JPS 1

# 1 Samuel 1:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman · **What happens:** say, do, seem, tarry, wean, establish · **To what, where:** thee, Elkanah, word, suck, son, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 1:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elkanah, thou, LORD, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:23
# text = And Elkanah her husband said unto her: 'Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish His word.' So the woman tarried and gave her son suck, until she weaned him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Elkanah	Elkanah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	obj	_	_
12	seemeth	seem	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
13	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	obj	_	_
14	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	tarry	tarry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	_
17	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	weaned	wean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
23	only	only	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	establish	establish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	parataxis	_	_
27	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
31	So	so	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	tarried	tarry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	conj	_	_
37	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	iobj	_	_
39	suck	suck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
42	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	weaned	wean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	advcl	_	_
44	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obj	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Elkanah |  |  |  |  | unto house | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **seem** | present |  | thee |  |  |  | good *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thou=Attribute |
| 4 | **tarry** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **wean** | present · perfect | thou | Elkanah |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer he=Source |
| 6 | **establish** | infinitive | the LORD | LORD's word |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 7 | **tarry** | past | the woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **give** | past | the woman *not said here* | suck | house's son |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent son=Recipient suck=Theme |
| 9 | **wean** | past | woman | LORD |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer he=Source |
| 10 | **word** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהּ֩ אֶלְקָנָ֨ה אִישָׁ֜הּ עֲשִׂ֧י הַטּ֣וֹב בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְ שְׁבִי֙ עַד־גָּמְלֵ֣ךְ אֹת֔וֹ אַ֛ךְ יָקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־דְּבָר֑וֹ וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ וַתֵּ֣ינֶק אֶת־בְּנָ֔הּ עַד־גָּמְלָ֖הּ אֹתֽוֹ׃

[1 Samuel 1:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.23/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:23` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Samuel 1:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.22/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 1:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.24/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 1:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.1.23/)