---
title: 1 Samuel 10:11 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when all that knew him beforetime saw that, beh… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when all that knew him beforetime saw that, behold, he prophesied with the prophets, then the people said one to another: 'What is this that is come unto the son of Kish? Who acts: spirit, all, God, people. 1 Samuel 10:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# 1 Samuel 10:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass, when all that knew him beforetime saw that, behold, he prophesied with the prophets, then the people said one to another: 'What is this that is come unto the son of Kish?

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**Who acts:** spirit, all, God, people · **What happens:** come, pass, know, see, prophesy, say · **To what, where:** God, that, one, another, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 10:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirit, all, God, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:239
# text = And it came to pass, when all that knew him beforetime saw that, behold, he prophesied with the prophets, then the people said one to another: 'What is this that is come unto the son of Kish?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nsubj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	beforetime	beforetime	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	19	discourse	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	prophesied	prophesy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	27	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
28	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	obj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	nmod	_	_
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
32	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	_
33	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
35	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	27	ccomp	_	_
36	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj	_	_
37	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	acl:relcl	_	_
39	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Kish	Kish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
44	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | spirit |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | spirit *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **know** | past |  | God |  |  |  | beforetime *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **see** | past | all | that |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |
| 5 | **prophesy** | past | God |  |  |  |  | with the prophets | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the people | one | another |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Topic to another=Recipient |
| 7 | **is a** | present |  | this |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **come** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | unto the son of Kish | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֗י כָּל־יֽוֹדְעוֹ֙ מֵאִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם וַיִּרְא֕וּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה עִם־נְבִאִ֖ים נִבָּ֑א וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֗הוּ מַה־זֶּה֙ הָיָ֣ה לְבֶן־קִ֔ישׁ הֲגַ֥ם שָׁא֖וּל בַּנְּבִיאִֽים׃

[1 Samuel 10:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.10.11/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And it came to pass, when all that knew him beforetime saw that, behold, he prophesied with the prophets, then the people said one to another: 'What is this that is come unto the son of Kish?**
2. [Is Saul also among the prophets?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.240/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:239` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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