---
title: 1 Samuel 12:5 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto them: 'The LORD is witness against you, and His ano… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said unto them: 'The LORD is witness against you, and His anointed is witness this day, that ye have not found aught in my hand.' And they said: 'He is witness.' Who acts: man, LORD, anointed, ye. 1 Samuel 12:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 12:5 · JPS 1917

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And he said unto them: 'The LORD is witness against you, and His anointed is witness this day, that ye have not found aught in my hand.' And they said: 'He is witness.'

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**Who acts:** man, LORD, anointed, ye, eyes · **What happens:** say, be, not find · **To what, where:** witness, aught, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 12:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, LORD, anointed, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:279
# text = And he said unto them: 'The LORD is witness against you, and His anointed is witness this day, that ye have not found aught in my hand.' And they said: 'He is witness.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	anointed	anoint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
20	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	det	_	_
21	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl:unmarked	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
24	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	nsubj	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	ccomp	_	_
28	aught	aught	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
33	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
34	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
38	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	41	punct	_	_
39	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
40	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
41	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	ccomp	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	41	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	41	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | man |  |  |  |  | unto eyes *= eye* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the LORD | witness and witness |  |  |  | against you | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | man's anointed | witness |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **find** | present · perfect | ye | aught |  | my hand |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aught=Topic |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | eyes *= eye* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | present | man | witness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם עֵ֧ד יְהוָ֣ה בָּכֶ֗ם וְעֵ֤ד מְשִׁיחוֹ֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֧א מְצָאתֶ֛ם בְּיָדִ֖י מְא֑וּמָה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר עֵֽד׃פ

[1 Samuel 12:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.12.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:279` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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