---
title: 1 Samuel 13:11 (JPS 1917) — And Samuel said: 'What hast thou done?' And Saul said: 'Because I sa… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Samuel said: 'What hast thou done?' And Saul said: 'Because I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that thou camest not within the days appointed, and that the Philistines assembled themselves together against Michmas; Who acts: Samuel, thou, Saul, I. 1 Samuel 13:11 in JPS 1917 with i
---

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# 1 Samuel 13:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Samuel said: 'What hast thou done?' And Saul said: 'Because I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that thou camest not within the days appointed, and that the Philistines assembled themselves together against Michmas;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Samuel, thou, Saul, I, Philistines · **What happens:** say, do, see, scatter, not come, appoint · **To what, where:** people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 13:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samuel, thou, Saul, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:313
# text = And Samuel said: 'What hast thou done?' And Saul said: 'Because I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that thou camest not within the days appointed, and that the Philistines assembled themselves together against Michmas;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
6	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
7	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
12	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
17	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	ccomp	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nsubj	_	_
31	camest	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
33	within	within	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
36	appointed	appoint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	advcl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
39	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
42	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
43	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	42	obj	_	_
44	together	together	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
45	against	against	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	Michmas	Michmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **see** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **scatter** | past · passive |  | the people |  |  |  | from me | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |
| 6 | **not** **come** | past | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **appoint** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **assemble** | past | the Philistines | people |  |  |  | against Michmas; together *property* | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑יתָ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֡וּל כִּֽי־רָאִיתִי֩ כִֽי־נָפַ֨ץ הָעָ֜ם מֵעָלַ֗י וְאַתָּה֙ לֹא־בָ֙אתָ֙ לְמוֹעֵ֣ד הַיָּמִ֔ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נֶאֱסָפִ֥ים מִכְמָֽשׂ׃

[1 Samuel 13:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:313` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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