---
title: 1 Samuel 13:13 (JPS 1917) — And Samuel said to Saul: 'Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not ke… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Samuel said to Saul: 'Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which He commanded thee; for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever. Who acts: Samuel, Thou, LORD. 1 Samuel 13:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# 1 Samuel 13:13 · JPS 1917

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And Samuel said to Saul: 'Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which He commanded thee; for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever.

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**Who acts:** Samuel, Thou, LORD · **What happens:** say, do, not keep, command, establish · **To what, where:** Saul, commandment, LORD, kingdom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 13:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samuel, Thou, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:315
# text = And Samuel said to Saul: 'Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which He commanded thee; for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
8	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nsubj	_	_
9	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
11	foolishly	foolishly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
14	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	commandment	commandment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	obj	_	_
26	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
28	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	obj	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
30	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
31	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	36	obl	_	_
32	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	aux	_	_
36	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
37	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	for	for	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	ever	ever	ADV	RB	_	36	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samuel |  | Saul |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to saul=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | present · perfect | Thou |  |  |  |  | foolishly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **keep** | present · perfect | thou | the commandment of the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent commandment=Theme |
| 4 | **command** | past | Samuel | the LORD |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **establish** | would · perfect | the LORD | thy kingdom |  |  |  | upon Israel | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kingdom=Patient |
| 6 | **command** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom commandment «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל נִסְכָּ֑לְתָּ לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗רְתָּ אֶת־מִצְוַ֞ת יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ךְ כִּ֣י עַתָּ֗ה הֵכִ֨ין יְהוָ֧ה אֶת־מַֽמְלַכְתְּךָ֛ אֶל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

[1 Samuel 13:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:315` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 13:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.314/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 13:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.316/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 13:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.13/)