---
title: 1 Samuel 13:19 (JPS 1917) — Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel; for… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel; for the Philistines said: 'Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears'; Who acts: Philistines, Hebrews. 1 Samuel 13:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 13:19 · JPS 1917

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Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel; for the Philistines said: 'Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears';

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**Who acts:** Philistines, Hebrews · **What happens:** find, say, make · **To what, where:** smith, swords, Philistines · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 13:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines, Hebrews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:322
# text = Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel; for the Philistines said: 'Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears';
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	smith	smith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
19	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	_
20	Lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Hebrews	Hebrew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
23	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	ccomp	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	iobj	_	_
25	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | participle |  | no smith *not said here* |  |  | throughout all land of Israel |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Philistines |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | the Hebrews | swords or spears | Philistines *= philistine* |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary sword=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְחָרָשׁ֙ לֹ֣א יִמָּצֵ֔א בְּכֹ֖ל אֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּֽי־אָמְר֣וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּ֚ן יַעֲשׂ֣וּ הָעִבְרִ֔ים חֶ֖רֶב א֥וֹ חֲנִֽית׃

[1 Samuel 13:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:322` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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