--- title: 1 Samuel 13:22 (JPS 1917) — So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither swor… · tree and pragmatics description: So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan; but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found. Who acts: sword, people. 1 Samuel 13:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.325/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/13/) / [13:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.22/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 13:22 · JPS 1917 So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan; but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found. **Who acts:** sword, people · **What happens:** come, pass, be, find · **To what, where:** axe, sword, hand This is 1 Samuel 13:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sword, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:325 # text = So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan; but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found. 1 So so ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 14 expl _ _ 14 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 15 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 16 cc:preconj _ _ 16 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 17 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 18 cc _ _ 18 spear spear NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 acl _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 22 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 28 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 29 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 with with ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 35 but but CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 39 with with ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 conj _ _ 41 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 appos _ _ 43 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 aux:pass _ _ 44 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 45 expl _ _ 45 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | | axe | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | | | | | day | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **be** | past | sword nor spear | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **find** | participle | | sword nor spear *not said here* | | the hand of any | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | past | the people | | | | | with Saul and Jonathan | tree rules | | 6 | **find** | past · passive | sword nor spear *not said here* | | | there | | with Saul and Jonathan | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָיָה֙ בְּי֣וֹם מִלְחֶ֔מֶת וְלֹ֨א נִמְצָ֜א חֶ֤רֶב וַחֲנִית֙ בְּיַ֣ד כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל וְאֶת־יוֹנָתָ֑ן וַתִּמָּצֵ֣א לְשָׁא֔וּל וּלְיוֹנָתָ֖ן בְּנֽוֹ׃ [1 Samuel 13:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:325` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 13:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.324/) - next →: [1 Samuel 13:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.326/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 13:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.13.22/)