--- title: 1 Samuel 14:4 (JPS 1917) — And between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over unto the… · tree and pragmatics description: And between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over unto the Philistines' garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side; and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. Who acts: Jonathan, rocky crag, name. 1 Samuel 14:4 in JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.332/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / [14:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.4/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 14:4 · JPS 1917 And between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over unto the Philistines' garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side; and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. **Who acts:** Jonathan, rocky crag, name · **What happens:** seek, go over, be, name · **To what, where:** passes, Bozez, other Seneh This is 1 Samuel 14:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, rocky crag, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:332 # text = And between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over unto the Philistines' garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side; and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 2 between between ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 passes pass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 obl _ _ 8 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 sought seek VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 12 over over ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 unto unto ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 Philistines philistine PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 17 nmod:poss _ _ 16 ' 's PART POS _ 15 case _ _ 17 garrison garrison NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 19 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 20 expl _ _ 20 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 rocky rocky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 crag crag NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 rocky rocky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 crag crag NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 33 on on ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 40 nmod _ _ 44 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 45 Bozez Bozez PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 conj _ _ 50 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 52 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 Seneh Seneh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nmod _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 20 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **seek** | past | Jonathan | | | | | by the passes | tree rules | | 2 | **go over** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Jonathan *not said here* | | | | | unto the Philistines's garrison; over *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **be** | past | a rocky crag on the one side and a rocky crag on the other side | | | the passes; there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between pass=Location | | 4 | **is a** | past | the name of the one | Bozez and the name of the other Seneh | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **name** | | | the other Seneh | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּבֵ֣ין הַֽמַּעְבְּר֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר בִּקֵּ֤שׁ יֽוֹנָתָן֙ לַֽעֲבֹר֙ עַל־מַצַּ֣ב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים שֵׁן־הַסֶּ֤לַע מֵהָעֵ֙בֶר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְשֵׁן־הַסֶּ֥לַע מֵהָעֵ֖בֶר מִזֶּ֑ה וְשֵׁ֤ם הָֽאֶחָד֙ בּוֹצֵ֔ץ וְשֵׁ֥ם הָאֶחָ֖ד סֶֽנֶּה׃ [1 Samuel 14:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:332` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.331/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.333/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.4/)