---
title: 1 Samuel 14:8 (JPS 1917) — Then said Jonathan: 'Behold, we will pass over unto the men, and we… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said Jonathan: 'Behold, we will pass over unto the men, and we will disclose ourselves unto them. Who acts: Jonathan, we. 1 Samuel 14:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 14:8 · JPS 1917

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Then said Jonathan: 'Behold, we will pass over unto the men, and we will disclose ourselves unto them.

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**Who acts:** Jonathan, we · **What happens:** say, pass over, disclose · **To what, where:** ourselves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 14:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:336
# text = Then said Jonathan: 'Behold, we will pass over unto the men, and we will disclose ourselves unto them.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
6	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	10	discourse	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	disclose	disclose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
20	ourselves	ourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	19	obj	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jonathan |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pass over** | future | we |  |  |  |  | unto the men | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **disclose** | future | we | ourselves |  |  |  | unto passes *= pass* | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ourselves=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הִנֵּ֛ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ עֹבְרִ֖ים אֶל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִגְלִ֖ינוּ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

[1 Samuel 14:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:336` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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