---
title: 1 Samuel 14:14 (JPS 1917) — And that first slaughter, which Jonathan and his armour-bearer made,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And that first slaughter, which Jonathan and his armour-bearer made, was about twenty men, within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre of land. Who acts: Jonathan, first slaughter, slaughter. 1 Samuel 14:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Samuel 14:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And that first slaughter, which Jonathan and his armour-bearer made, was about twenty men, within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre of land.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Jonathan, first slaughter, slaughter · **What happens:** make, be · **To what, where:** first slaughter, twenty men, length, acre

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Samuel 14:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonathan, first slaughter, slaughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:342
# text = And that first slaughter, which Jonathan and his armour-bearer made, was about twenty men, within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre of land.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	slaughter	slaughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
7	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	_
12	bearer	bearer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	about	about	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
20	within	within	ADP	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
21	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
24	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	28	det:predet	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	furrow	furrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	's	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	advcl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	acre	acre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Jonathan and Jonathan's armour bearer | that first slaughter |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Product |
| 2 | **is a** | past | that first slaughter | twenty men |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | slaughter | a furrow's length |  | a acre of land |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתְּהִ֞י הַמַּכָּ֣ה הָרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכָּ֧ה יוֹנָתָ֛ן וְנֹשֵׂ֥א כֵלָ֖יו כְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים אִ֑ישׁ כְּבַחֲצִ֥י מַעֲנָ֖ה צֶ֥מֶד שָׂדֶֽה׃

[1 Samuel 14:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:342` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.341/)
- next →: [1 Samuel 14:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.343/)
- ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.14/)