---
title: 1 Samuel 14:21 (JPS 1917) — Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and that went up with them into the camp round about; even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan. Who acts: Hebrews, that, Philistines, Israelites. 1 Samuel 14:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree 
---

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# 1 Samuel 14:21 · JPS 1917

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Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and that went up with them into the camp round about; even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan.

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**Who acts:** Hebrews, that, Philistines, Israelites · **What happens:** be, go up, turn · **To what, where:** camp

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This is 1 Samuel 14:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hebrews, that, Philistines, Israelites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:349
# text = Now the Hebrews that were with the Philistines as beforetime, and that went up with them into the camp round about; even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Hebrews	Hebrews	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	dislocated	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	beforetime	beforetime	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
18	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
21	round	round	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	about	about	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
24	even	even	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	also	also	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	cop	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Israelites	Israelites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	xcomp	_	_
33	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
34	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	acl:relcl	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	Jonathan	Jonathan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Hebrews |  |  |  |  | with the Philistines; beforetime *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **go up** | past | that |  |  | the camp |  | with Philistines; about *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **turn** | past | Philistines |  |  |  | now | the Hebrews *dislocated* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | to-infinitive | Philistines *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the Israelites | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | past | the Israelites |  |  |  |  | with Saul and Jonathan | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְהָעִבְרִ֗ים הָי֤וּ לַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ כְּאֶתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָל֥וּ עִמָּ֛ם בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה סָבִ֑יב וְגַם־הֵ֗מָּה לִֽהְיוֹת֙ עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עִם־שָׁא֖וּל וְיוֹנָתָֽן׃

[1 Samuel 14:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:349` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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