--- title: 1 Samuel 2:8 (JPS 1917) — He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from… · tree and pragmatics description: He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dung-hill, to make them sit with princes, and inherit the throne of glory; for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and He hath set the world upon them. Who acts: LORD, poor, pillars. 1 Samuel 2:8 in JPS 1917 with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/2/) / [2:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.8/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 2:8 · JPS 1917 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dung-hill, to make them sit with princes, and inherit the throne of glory; for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and He hath set the world upon them. **Who acts:** LORD, poor, pillars · **What happens:** raise up, lift up, make, sit, inherit, be · **To what, where:** poor, dust, needy, dung hill, throne, world This is 1 Samuel 2:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, poor, pillars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:36 # text = He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dung-hill, to make them sit with princes, and inherit the throne of glory; for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and He hath set the world upon them. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 raiseth raise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 up up ADP RP _ 2 compound:prt _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 poor poor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 6 out out ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 lifteth lift VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 13 up up ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 needy needy NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 16 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 18 dung dung NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 19 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 18 punct _ _ 20 hill hill NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 sit sit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 26 with with ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 inherit inherit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 throne throne NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 glory glory NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 36 for for SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 pillars pillar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 42 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 advcl _ _ 45 'S 's PART POS _ 44 case _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 48 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 49 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 50 set set VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 44 conj _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obj _ _ 53 upon upon ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obl _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed polarity=pos | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **raise up** | present | LORD | the poor | | the dust | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent poor=Theme out dust=Destination | | 2 | **lift up** | present | LORD | the needy | | the dung hill | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent needy=Theme from hill=Destination | | 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | LORD *not said here* | poor | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **sit** | infinitive | poor *not said here* | | | | | with princes | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **inherit** | infinitive | poor *not said here* | the throne of glory | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent throne=Theme | | 6 | **is** | present | the pillars of the earth | | | | | 's the LORD | tree rules | | 7 | **set** | present · perfect | LORD | the world | | | | upon pillars *= pillar* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent world=Theme upon they=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} מֵקִ֨ים מֵעָפָ֜ר דָּ֗ל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת֙ יָרִ֣ים אֶבְי֔וֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב֙ עִם־נְדִיבִ֔ים וְכִסֵּ֥א כָב֖וֹד יַנְחִלֵ֑ם כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ מְצֻ֣קֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וַיָּ֥שֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם תֵּבֵֽל׃ [1 Samuel 2:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:36` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 2:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.35/) - next →: [1 Samuel 2:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.37/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 2:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.2.8/)