---
title: 1 Samuel 14:34 (JPS 1917) — And Saul said: 'Disperse yourselves among the people, and say unto t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Saul said: 'Disperse yourselves among the people, and say unto them: Bring me hither every man his ox, and every man his sheep, and slay them here, and eat; and sin not against the LORD in eating with the blood.' And all the people brought every man his ox with him that night, and slew them ther
---

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# 1 Samuel 14:34 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Saul said: 'Disperse yourselves among the people, and say unto them: Bring me hither every man his ox, and every man his sheep, and slay them here, and eat; and sin not against the LORD in eating with the blood.' And all the people brought every man his ox with him that night, and slew them there.

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**Who acts:** Saul, people · **What happens:** say, disperse, bring, slay, eat, not sin · **To what, where:** yourselves, man, me, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is 1 Samuel 14:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1SA:362
# text = And Saul said: 'Disperse yourselves among the people, and say unto them: Bring me hither every man his ox, and every man his sheep, and slay them here, and eat; and sin not against the LORD in eating with the blood.' And all the people brought every man his ox with him that night, and slew them there.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Disperse	disperse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obj	_	_
8	among	among	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Bring	bring	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	iobj	_	_
19	hither	hither	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
20	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
21	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	det	_	_
27	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	32	advmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
41	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	40	advmod	_	_
42	against	against	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
45	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	46	mark	_	_
46	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	40	advcl	_	_
47	with	with	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
51	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
52	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
53	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	55	det:predet	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	nsubj	_	_
56	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
57	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	58	det	_	_
58	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obj	_	_
59	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
60	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	appos	_	_
61	with	with	ADP	IN	_	62	case	_	_
62	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	obl	_	_
63	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	64	det	_	_
64	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl:unmarked	_	_
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
66	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	67	cc	_	_
67	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	conj	_	_
68	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	67	obj	_	_
69	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	67	advmod	_	_
70	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator, form=decl

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **disperse** | infinitive |  | yourselves |  |  |  | among the people | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent yourselves=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | unto people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **bring** | infinitive |  | every man | me |  |  | hither *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Destination man=Theme |
| 5 | **slay** | infinitive |  | people |  | here |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 6 | **eat** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **not** **sin** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | against the LORD | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against lord=Maleficiary |
| 8 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with the blood | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **bring** | past | all people |  | every man |  | night | with Saul | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument man=Destination |
| 10 | **slay** | past | all people *not said here* | people |  | there |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֣וּל פֻּ֣צוּ בָעָ֡ם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֣ם לָהֶ֡ם הַגִּ֣ישׁוּ אֵלַי֩ אִ֨ישׁ שׁוֹר֜וֹ וְאִ֣ישׁ שְׂיֵ֗הוּ וּשְׁחַטְתֶּ֤ם בָּזֶה֙ וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֔ם וְלֹֽא־תֶחֶטְא֥וּ לַֽיהוָ֖ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶל־הַדָּ֑ם וַיַּגִּ֨שׁוּ כָל־הָעָ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ שׁוֹר֧וֹ בְיָד֛וֹ הַלַּ֖יְלָה וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ־שָֽׁם׃

[1 Samuel 14:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.34/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:362` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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