--- title: 1 Samuel 14:39 (JPS 1917) — For, as the LORD liveth, who saveth Israel, though it be in Jonathan… · tree and pragmatics description: For, as the LORD liveth, who saveth Israel, though it be in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.' But there was not a man among all the people that answered him. Who acts: LORD, sin, man. 1 Samuel 14:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.367/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/14/) / [14:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.39/) / JPS 1 # 1 Samuel 14:39 · JPS 1917 For, as the LORD liveth, who saveth Israel, though it be in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.' But there was not a man among all the people that answered him. **Who acts:** LORD, sin, man · **What happens:** live, save, be, die, not be, answer · **To what, where:** Israel, Jonathan, man This is 1 Samuel 14:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, sin, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1SA:367 # text = For, as the LORD liveth, who saveth Israel, though it be in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.' But there was not a man among all the people that answered him. 1 For for CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 as as SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 advcl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 saveth save VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 10 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 though though SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 16 cop _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Jonathan Jonathan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 advcl _ _ 17 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 appos _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 surely surely ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 23 punct _ _ 25 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 26 But but CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 28 expl _ _ 28 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 parataxis _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 32 among among ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 35 det:predet _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 36 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 37 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 38 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 28 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **save** | present | the LORD | Israel | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent israel=Theme | | 3 | **is** | infinitive | sin | | | Jonathan | | | tree rules | | 4 | **die** | shall | LORD | | | | | surely *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 5 | **not** **be** | past | a man among all people | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | a man among all people | | man | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּ֣י חַי־יְהוָ֗ה הַמּוֹשִׁ֙יעַ֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֧י אִם־יֶשְׁנ֛וֹ בְּיוֹנָתָ֥ן בְּנִ֖י כִּ֣י מ֣וֹת יָמ֑וּת וְאֵ֥ין עֹנֵ֖הוּ מִכָּל־הָעָֽם׃ [1 Samuel 14:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.39/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1SA:367` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 14:38 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.366/) - next →: [1 Samuel 14:40 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.368/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 14:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.14.39/)